1º ESO CLIL UNIT 2 The Biosphere

Characteristics of Living things

1. They are all made up of : Cells, either only one (unicellular organism) or more (pluricellular)
2. They do the vital functions: (nutrition, interaction and reproduction)
3. They all have a similar composition

            Biolelements: C, H, O, N, P (Phosphorus), S (sulphur)
            Biomolecules:

                Inorganic biomolecules:water and mineral salts

                Organic molecules: Carbohydrates, Fats or lipids  ,Proteins and Nucleic acids. 

VITAL FUNCTIONS

NUTRITION

• Autotrophs (they CAN produce their own organic compounds),

either they get Energy from the SUN: PHOTOSYNTHESIS

or from Chemical _Ractions: CHEMOSYNTHESIS

• Heterotrophs (they cannot produce their own organic compounds)

INTERACTION

Response to a change in the environment.

STIMULUS --RESPONSE

REPRODUCTION

• Sexual: 2 individuals needes (male + female) , 2 sexual cells (GAMETES), diverse offspring generated

• Asexual: only ONE individual implied / genetically identical offspring

ABC Science

THE CELL

Cell theory states:

• All living things are composed by cells
• Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things
• New cells are produced by existing cells

Although there are lots of different kinds of cells, they are often divided into two main categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic.

Prokaryotic Cells - The prokaryotic cell is a simple, small cell with no nucleus. Organisms made from prokaryotic cells are very small, such as bacteria. There are three main regions of the prokaryotic cell:

1) The outside protection or "envelope" of the cell. This is made up of the cell wall, membrane, and capsule.

2) The flagella, which are a whip-like appendages that can help the cell to move. Note: not all prokaryotic cells have flagella.

3) The inside of the cell called the cytoplasmic region. This region includes the nucleoid, cytoplasm, and ribosomes.

Eukaryotic Cells - These cells are typically a lot bigger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. They have a defined cell nucleus which houses the cell's DNA. These are the types of cells we find in plants and animals

Duckster

TAXONOMY 

THE SEVEN KINGDOMS

 

Kingdom	When Evolved	Structure	Photosynthesis
Prokaryotic:
Bacteria	3 to 4 billion years ago	Unicellular	Sometimes
Archaea	3 to 4 billion years ago	Unicellular	No
Eukaryotic:
Protozoa	1.5 billion years ago	Unicelular	No
Chromista	1.2 billion years ago	Unicellular	Originally, but sometimes lost; Chlorophyll c
Fungi	1 billion years ago	Unicellular or Multicellular	No
Animalia	700 million years ago	Multicellular	No
Plantae	500 million years ago	Multicellular	Yes; Chlorophyll a, b, and c

Earth life

VOLUNTARY ACTIVITY. 

This time you are invited to do something delicious